Journal: PLOS One

Article Title: MMP-2 associated imbalance of VEGF/Endostatin is linked to suppression of the PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α pathway in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0346880

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Representative immunofluorescence images showing VEGF expression in the femoral head of control and SONFH groups (scale bar = 100 μm); (B) Quantification of VEGF fluorescence intensity in control and SONFH groups; (C) Representative immunofluorescence images showing Endostatin expression in the femoral head of control and SONFH groups (scale bar = 100 μm); (D) Quantification of Endostatin fluorescence intensity in these two groups; (E) Representative Western blotting images of MMP-2 expression in the femoral head of control and SONFH groups; (F) Quantification of MMP-2 expression in these two groups. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01).

Article Snippet: Mice in the SONFH+MMP-2 group received subcutaneous injections of recombinant MMP-2 (10 μg/kg; MedChemExpress, NJ, USA) every three days [ , ], while those in the SONFH+Endostatin group were administered daily subcutaneous injections of recombinant Endostatin (2 mg/kg; MedChemExpress, NJ, USA) [ ].

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Expressing, Control, Fluorescence, Western Blot

Journal: PLOS One

Article Title: MMP-2 associated imbalance of VEGF/Endostatin is linked to suppression of the PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α pathway in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0346880

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Representative HE staining images of the femoral head in control, SONFH, and SONFH+Endostatin groups (scale bar = 100 μm); (B) Quantitative analysis of percentage of empty osteocyte from HE staining; (C) Representative micro-CT vascular reconstructions of the femoral head in each group; (D) Calcein staining images showing mineral apposition in each group (scale bar = 25 μm); (E) Quantitative analysis of vascular volume fraction from micro-CT angiography; (F) Quantification of mineral apposition rate (MAR) in each group. (*P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: Mice in the SONFH+MMP-2 group received subcutaneous injections of recombinant MMP-2 (10 μg/kg; MedChemExpress, NJ, USA) every three days [ , ], while those in the SONFH+Endostatin group were administered daily subcutaneous injections of recombinant Endostatin (2 mg/kg; MedChemExpress, NJ, USA) [ ].

Techniques: Staining, Control, Micro-CT

Journal: PLOS One

Article Title: MMP-2 associated imbalance of VEGF/Endostatin is linked to suppression of the PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α pathway in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0346880

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Relative mRNA levels of Endostatin in the femoral head tissues of each group; (B) Western blotting images showing Endostatin protein expression; (C) Quantification of Endostatin protein levels; (D) Representative immunofluorescence images of Endostatin expression; (E) Quantitative analysis of Endostatin immunofluorescence intensity. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

Article Snippet: Mice in the SONFH+MMP-2 group received subcutaneous injections of recombinant MMP-2 (10 μg/kg; MedChemExpress, NJ, USA) every three days [ , ], while those in the SONFH+Endostatin group were administered daily subcutaneous injections of recombinant Endostatin (2 mg/kg; MedChemExpress, NJ, USA) [ ].

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Breast Cancer Research : BCR

Article Title: STAT5 is activated in macrophages by breast cancer cell-derived factors and regulates macrophage function in the tumor microenvironment

doi: 10.1186/s13058-021-01481-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Tumor cell-derived GM-CSF activates STAT5 in macrophages. A qRT-PCR analysis for GM-CSF in TNBC (Hs578T and MDA-MB-231), ER + (MCF7) and HER2 + (BT-474) human breast cancer cells relative to expression in MCF-10A cells. B ELISA analysis for GM-CSF in CM collected from MCF-10A, MDA-MB-231, Hs578T, MCF7, and BT-474 cells. C ELISA analysis for GM-CSF in CM collected from 4T1 cells and B/B-stimulated HC11, HC11/R1, and HC11/R1-LM cells relative to EtOH controls. D Immunoblot analysis for pSTAT5, TSTAT5, and β-tubulin in BMDMs treated with No CM, tumor CM (4T1 or HC11/R1 BB), or tumor CM incubated for 1 h at 37 °C with 2.5 µg/mL neutralizing GM-CSF antibody (⍺GM-CSF Ab)

Article Snippet: STAT5 fl/fl DCM and STAT5 cKO DCM was subjected to mouse Type I Collagen ELISA (Novus Biologicals).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot, Incubation

Journal: Breast Cancer Research : BCR

Article Title: STAT5 is activated in macrophages by breast cancer cell-derived factors and regulates macrophage function in the tumor microenvironment

doi: 10.1186/s13058-021-01481-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: STAT5 deletion in macrophages enhances tumor-promoting phenotype and impacts tumor cell migration and metastasis. A qRT-PCR analysis of genes of interest from RNA-seq associated with tumor-promoting pathways in rmGM-CSF or 4T1 CM-treated STAT5 fl/fl (blue) and STAT5 cKO (red) BMDMs. Unpaired t-test was used for statistical analysis. B Mouse Type 1 Collagen ELISA in STAT5 fl/fl unstimulated or 4T1 CM-stimulated STAT5 fl/fl and STAT5 cKO macrophage double CM (DCM). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. C Representative immunoblot of pFAK, total FAK (FAK), and β-tubulin in 4T1 cells cultured alone or co-cultured with STAT5 fl/fl or STAT5 cKO BMDMs for 4 h. Densitometry analysis relative to loading control. D Migration analysis of 4T1 cells cultured alone or co-cultured with STAT5 fl/fl or STAT5 cKO BMDMs after 20 h. Cell counts relative to 4T1 alone in triplicate. E Kaplan–Meier curves of 4T1 cells co-injected with either STAT5 fl/fl (n = 8) or STAT5 cKO (n = 7) BMDMs in WT BALB/c mice. % Survival on Y-axes indicates proportion of mice reaching tumor size endpoint of 1cm 3 . F Quantified metastasis in H&E-stained lung sections. Lungs were sectioned at 3 different depths per mouse and analyzed for percent metastatic area per tissue section. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Scale bar: 50 μm

Article Snippet: STAT5 fl/fl DCM and STAT5 cKO DCM was subjected to mouse Type I Collagen ELISA (Novus Biologicals).

Techniques: Migration, Quantitative RT-PCR, RNA Sequencing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison, Western Blot, Cell Culture, Control, Injection, Staining